Rebuilding the Strength of Hypomineralized Enamel – An In-Depth Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Molar Incisor Hypomineralization (MIH) is a prevalent developmental enamel defect characterized by qualitative changes in the enamel of one or more first permanent molars, often accompanied by similar defects in the incisors. This condition leads to significant dental challenges, including soft, porous enamel, which is more susceptible to damage and caries than non-MIH teeth. The affected teeth exhibit lower mineral concentration, higher porosity, and altered mechanical properties, contributing to their increased vulnerability to decay and restoration failures. Research indicates that MIH-affected teeth often require more extensive dental treatments due to compromised structural integrity. The enamel defects associated with MIH manifest as well-demarcated opacities, which can lead to hypersensitivity and aesthetic concerns for patients, particularly children. However, there is hope in the form of various remineralization strategies that have been explored to address MIH's challenges. These strategies, including recent clinical trials, have demonstrated the efficacy of remineralization agents in restoring some of the lost enamel properties, which is crucial for managing MIH effectively. This potential for restoration through remineralization strategies offers a hopeful outlook for improving patient outcomes with MIH.