Rebrightening properties of multi-wave band afterglows in GRBs associated with supernovae

Abstract

In this paper, we collect 54 Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) afterglows rebrightening in X-ray, optical, and radio bands to build the biggest sample so far, of which 18 type-Ic/b Supernova (SN)-associated GRBs have been deeply investigated. We confirm that the distribution of spectral luminosities of SN-associated GRBs has a wider scope of five orders of magnitude. After excluding short- and low-luminosity SN/GRBs, we obtain the mean light curves of high-luminosity SN/GRBs at different radio frequencies. It is found that the mean radio light curves peak twice on the tens of days and several months in each since the burst trigger. There is a time delay between radio afterglows at different frequencies, i.e. the high-frequency emissions come earlier than those low-frequency ones. We study in detail the multiband rebrightening behaviors of GRB 980425 and GRB 030329 with the most radio observation data at present. Unlike GRB 980425, the rebrightening component contributed from GRB 030329/SN 2003dh is indistinguishable. However, we predict that both SN/GRBs will produce the considerable mJy-level rebrightening emissions from their individual SN remnants on the late-times of 103th years for GRB 980425 and 64th years for GRB 030329, which is observable for the current facilities and would be detected by the forthcoming radio telescopes.