Abstract
Rebels have become the most prolific users of landmines but still display significant variation in how they employ and restrict the weaponâs use. This article argues that how rebels exercise restraint on landmine use depends on which audiences they rely on most. In a comparative case study of three Philippine rebel groupsâthe Moro Islamic Liberation Front, the Abu Sayyaf Group, and the New Peopleâs Armyâthis article highlights three main findings. First, rebels reliant on voluntary compliance from local communities are more likely to limit the effects of landmines on their perceived constituency. Second, when rebels have conciliatory relations with the government, they are more likely to comply with national law, reciprocate government behavior, and limit the effects of landmines on the governmentâs constituents. Finally, rebels seeking legitimacy from human-rights-conscious foreign sponsors are more likely to comply with international law related to landmine use.
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