Abstract

China's leadership has spoken for much of the past decade about the need to ‘rebalance’ the economy and put it onto a different growth path, with domestic consumption as a leading driver of growth. This paper analyses two questions in this regard. The first is how to best to characterise China's existing growth path. China is typically considered to be an export-led economy par excellence. However, the results of the growth accounting approach are reviewed which question this characterization. Second, if China wishes to shift growth paths then, on the basis of insights generated by post-Keynesian growth models, I conclude that a shift to a consumption-driven (wage-led) growth path may be much more problematic than is generally assumed. Résumé Durant la dernière décennie, les autorités chinoises n'ont cessé de communiquer sur la nécessité de rééquilibrer l'économie chinoise et de la mettre sur une différente trajectoire de développement, en faisant de la consommation domestique une des sources majeures de la croissance. Cet article en explore deux problématiques. D'abord, on s'interroge sur la meilleure façon de caractériser l'économie chinoise. En effet, alors que la Chine est communément perçue comme un pays exportateur, des études récentes démontrent le contraire. Ensuite, on explore les autres trajectoires de développement susceptibles d'être empruntées par la Chine. Il semble, sur la base des conclusions des modèles de croissance post-keynésiens, qu'un changement de trajectoire de croissance en Chine serait plus problématique que ce qui est généralement admis.

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