Reasons, trends and problems of international high-tech projects

Abstract

The article considers the main reasons for the countries’ participation in international high-tech projects. It is shown that till now the experts’ dispute about the terms «high-tech», «innovative», «scienceintensive» products classifying has not abated. The article suggests classification criteria for these products, and marks signs of high-tech projects. It is shown that after a high-tech exports increase in 2000, the share of high-tech products fluctuated in the recent years at the level of 17–18.5 % and despite the decrease in economic growth rates, in demand and in the volume of international trade in virtually all countries, any long trend of decline or growth of this indicator in the ten-year period was not observed. Trends of economic development, the level of national economies competitiveness are analyzed. While analyzing data concerning the 39 developed countries a heterogeneity in terms of R & D funding, investment volumes and exports of high-tech products is shown. In spite of stagnation, the trend to develop high-tech industries and search for new sources and models for financing high-tech products remains. An important area of international cooperation is the participation in international high-tech projects complicated by economic sanctions against Russia. To realize the effective participation of Russia in international hightech projects it is important to choose right partners, investment mechanisms and instruments of investment activity, to locate intangible assets, and to optimize the available sources of investment financing.