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Abstract
The aims of our study were: a) to evaluate how parenting styles vary according to the presence of intellectual disability (ID) and between two cultures – Chile and Spain –; and to value their association with psychopathology. Participants were 236 children and adolescents aged 8-14, who were classified in the following three groups according to the type of ID: with Down syndrome (DS), idiopathic intellectual disability (IID) or without disability. Parents answered a questionnaire on perceived rearing style and psychopathology. Our results showed that in Chile DS group perceived less overprotection. Clinical scores were associated with overprotection, rejection and the presence of ID. Moreover, the Chilean participants reported more depression and somatisation than the Spanish participants. We expect our findings will contribute to the prevention and intervention of unfavourable rearing styles and psychopathology in ID.
Highlights
The aims of our study were: a) to evaluate how parenting styles vary according to the presence of intellectual disability (ID) and between two cultures – Chile and Spain –; and to value their association with psychopathology
En relación con la ansiedad generalizada, su prevalencia se incrementa con la edad, lo que podría relacionarse tanto con factores ambientales como etiológicos
Las puntuaciones de cada escala se obtienen por la suma de los ítems que la conforman, previa recodificación de los ítems inversos
Summary
Resumen Los objetivos de nuestro estudio fueron: a) evaluar los estilos educativos en función de la presencia de discapacidad intelectual (DI) y de dos culturas, Chile y España; y b) valorar cómo estos aspectos se asocian con la psicopatología. Participaron 236 niños y adolescentes de 8 a 14 años de edad, que fueron clasificados en los siguientes tres grupos en función del tipo de DI: con síndrome de Down (SD), discapacidad intelectual idiopática (DII) o sin discapacidad. Hallamos que en Chile el grupo con SD percibió menos sobreprotección. Las medidas clínicas de psicopatología se asociaron con sobreprotección, rechazo y la presencia de DI. Esperamos que nuestros hallazgos sean un aporte para la prevención e intervención de los estilos educativos y la psicopatología en personas con DI. Palabras clave: Cultura; Discapacidad intelectual; Estilos educativos; Psicopatología
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