Rearing Flies for Experimental Purposes with Biological Notes

Abstract

The house ?? usca domestica) , the biting stable fly (Stomoxys calcitrans) , and the cattle horn fly (Lyperosia irritans) were used extensively in studies on the transmission of microorganisms by these insects. During the course of these studies simple, inexpensive and effective methods have been evolved for the rearing and handling of large numbers of flies. Special emphasis is placed on a type of breeding jar, on adult fly foods, on temperature, and on humidity. It was found that the last three have an important bearing on longevity and reproduction. To keep adult house flies alive long enough to obtain the full development of their ovaries and testes it is necessary to feed them sugar or assimilable starch, together with a solution of proteins or products of protein hydrolysis. In regard to the food for adult Stomoxys , the use of defibrinated cow or horse blood warmed to a temperature of 35-37. proved to be satisfactory for this form. This procedure facilitates the omission of living higher animals as a source of blood for the flies. A number of minor biological and life-history observations are included in the article. The article was written for investigators who use flies for disease, genetic, physiological or other biological researches.