Abstract
The influence of (cooperative) adaptive cruise control (CACC/ACC) on rear-end crashes have been conducted by some previous studies. However, they usually did not consider the degeneration from stable CACC to unstable ACC when vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication is not available. California PATH program validated the instability of ACC system by using real experimental data, which might have negative impacts on safety. Therefore, this paper evaluated the impacts of degeneration of CACC vehicles on rear-end crash risks. A micro-simulation based method was adopted to evaluate rear-end crash risks with the increase of the CACC market penetration rate (MPR). The results obtained were quite different from those in previous studies and showed that the rear-end crash risks of the full MDV flow increase before CACC MPR increases to a certain level. It was found that the instability of ACC vehicles might be the main factor for the negative results. The results of this paper provide helpful insight into the management of CACC vehicular flow in the V2V communication environment.
Highlights
In the past decades, traffic control methods, such as variable speed limit (VSL), were developed to improve safety situations [1], [2]
We found that the rearend crash risks increase when the cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) market penetration rate (MPR) is below 20%, which indicates the safety situation will worsen compared with the full manual-driven vehicles (MDVs) traffic flow
It is found that with the increase of CACC MPR, the risks of rear-end crashes will become worse if the CACC MPR is below a certain level
Summary
Traffic control methods, such as variable speed limit (VSL), were developed to improve safety situations [1], [2]. Among all types of traffic accidents, rear-end crashes account for approximately 32% of all crashes in the US, and about 20% in Shanghai, China [3]. This indicates that manual-driven vehicles (MDVs) have limitations, such as response time and driving mistakes, which are important factors contributing to rear-end crashes [4]. Intelligent vehicle systems are being developed to adjust the longitudinal movements of vehicles, such as adaptive cruise control (ACC) and cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC). ACC systems use vehicular sensors to detect the preceding vehicle’s information, while CACC systems obtain movement information from
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