Abstract

BackgroundIn Japan, detailed information on the characteristics, disease burden, and treatment patterns of people living with migraine is limited. The aim of this study was to compare clinical characteristics, disease burden, and treatment patterns in people with episodic migraine (EM) or chronic migraine (CM) using real-world data from clinical practice in Japan.MethodsThis was an analysis of data collected in 2014 by the Adelphi Migraine Disease Specific Programme, a cross-sectional survey of physicians and their consulting adult patients in Japan, using physician and patient questionnaires. We report patient demographics, prescribed treatment, work productivity, and quality-of-life data for people with CM (≥15 headache days/month) or EM (not fulfilling CM criteria). In descriptive analyses, continuous and categorical measures were assessed using t-tests and Chi-squared tests, respectively.ResultsPhysicians provided data for 977 patients (mean age 44.5 years; 77.2% female; 94.5% with EM, 5.5% with CM). A total of 634/977 (64.9%) invited patients (600 with EM; 34 with CM) also provided data. Acute therapy was currently being prescribed in 93.7% and 100% of patients with EM and CM, respectively (p = 0.069); corresponding percentages for current preventive therapy prescriptions were 40.5% and 68.5% (p < 0.001). According to physicians who provided data, preventive therapy was used at least once by significantly fewer patients with EM than with CM (42.3% vs. 68.5%, respectively; p < 0.001). Among patients who provided physicians with information on issues with their current therapy (acute therapy: n = 668 with EM, n = 38 with CM; preventive therapy: n = 295 with EM, n = 21 with CM), lack of efficacy was the most frequently identified problem (acute therapy: EM 35.3%, CM 39.5% [p = 0.833]; preventive therapy: EM 35.3%, CM 52.4% [p = 0.131]). Moderate-to-severe headache-related disability (Migraine Disability Assessment total score ≥ 11) was reported by significantly fewer patients with EM than with CM (21.0% vs. 60.0%, respectively; p < 0.001) among patients who provided data.ConclusionsPreventive treatment patterns in people with EM versus CM differ in Japan, with both types of migraine posing notable disease burdens. Our findings demonstrate that more effective migraine therapies are required to reduce the burden of the disease.

Highlights

  • In Japan, detailed information on the characteristics, disease burden, and treatment patterns of people living with migraine is limited

  • Patient characteristics According to physician-reported data from 977 patient record form (PRF), the mean age of patients with migraine was 44.5 years; most had episodic migraine (EM) (94.5%) and were female (77.2%)

  • Managing migraine is challenging for both patients and physicians

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Summary

Introduction

In Japan, detailed information on the characteristics, disease burden, and treatment patterns of people living with migraine is limited. The aim of this study was to compare clinical characteristics, disease burden, and treatment patterns in people with episodic migraine (EM) or chronic migraine (CM) using real-world data from clinical practice in Japan. In 2016, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors study found migraine to be the second leading cause of years lived with disability (YLD) (after lower back pain), contributing 45.1 million of total YLDs globally [5]. The overall prevalence of migraine in Japan was reported to be 8.4% (6.6% in men, 13.0% in women) in 1997 [7]). In 2004, the Daisen study, a population-based survey conducted in the Daisen area of the Tottori prefecture, reported a prevalence for migraine of 6.0% in residents aged 20 years or older. Other surveys, conducted in Japanese high-school students, reported prevalences for migraine of 5.8% (5.5% in boys, 6.1% in girls) in 2005 [9] and 4.8% (3.3% in boys, 6.5% in girls) in 2007 [10]

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