Real-time energy consumption prediction method for air-conditioning system based on long short-term memory neural network

Abstract

With increasing energy consumption, how to achieve the energy-saving operation of air-conditioning systems is crucial for improving the energy efficiency of buildings. The accurate and reliable energy consumption prediction of air-conditioning systems can be useful for optimizing the energy supply and equipment operation strategies. However, most existing studies focus on the prediction of the long-term energy consumption of air-conditioning systems, which usually exceeds the individual control time steps of the air-conditioning system. If the energy consumption of air-conditioning systems in the next control step can be predicted, then the least energy-consuming operating strategy can be selected at the beginning of each control step by relying on the predicted energy consumption, thereby achieving greater energy conservation. This paper proposes a real-time energy consumption prediction model for air-conditioning systems based on a long short-term memory neural network. The correlation between the energy consumption of air-conditioning system and input variables can be obtained by calculating the Spearman correlation coefficient. The predicted model results show that the normalized root mean square error of the prediction model is 0.0429 when the indoor air temperature, condenser inlet temperature, and historical energy consumption are set as inputs to predict the energy consumption of the air-conditioning system for the next 15 min. Meanwhile, the energy consumption at a certain indoor temperature setpoint can be predicted by the prediction model to aid in selecting a more appropriate indoor temperature setpoint, which can reduce energy consumption by optimizing the operation strategy of the air-conditioning system at each control step.