Realization of molecular models as heterogeneous electrocatalysts for activation of dioxygen

Abstract

Many chemical reactions and biological functions depend on the activation of dioxygen (O2). The development of effective and selective electrocatalysts for O2 activation, which is necessary for use in oxygen sensors, fuel cells, and other electrochemical devices, remains a difficulty despite the significance of this process. Due to their clearly defined structures, adaptable characteristics, and high catalytic activity, molecular models have recently become prominent contenders for electrocatalytic O2 activation. This review concentrates on the synthesis, modification, and performance evaluation of molecular models as heterogeneous electrocatalysts for O2 activation. The benefits and drawbacks of several molecular model types, such as metalloporphyrins, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and metalloenzymes as electrocatalysts for O2 activation, are examined in length. Due to their adjustable porosity, large surface area, and capacity to incorporate various metal ions, MOFs are a particularly interesting family of molecular models. Contrarily, metalloporphyrins are well known for their high preference and catalytic activity for O2 activation. The realization of molecular models as heterogeneous electrocatalysts for O2 activation constitutes a viable path for the creation of efficient, durable, and selective electrochemical devices.