Abstract
Overnight polysomnography (PSG) is currently the standard diagnostic procedure for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It has been known that monitoring of head position in sleep is crucial not only for the diagnosis (positional sleep apnea) but also for the management of OSA (positional therapy). However, there are no sensor systems available clinically to hook up with PSG for accurate head position monitoring. In this paper, an accelerometer-based sensing system for accurate head position monitoring is developed and realized. The core CORDIC- (COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer-) based tilting sensing algorithm is realized in the system to quickly and accurately convert accelerometer raw data into the desired head position tilting angles. The system can hook up with PSG devices for diagnosis to have head position information integrated with other PSG-monitored signals. It has been applied in an IRB test in Taipei Veterans General Hospital and has been proved that it can meet the medical needs of accurate head position monitoring for PSG diagnosis.
Highlights
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is common in our community and is characterized by repetitive, short-duration blockages of the upper airways during sleep, resulting in episodic cessation of breathing or reduction in airflow that may lead to frequent arousals, disrupted sleep structures, excessive daytime sleepiness, intermittent hypoxemia, and many other systemic effects
The results of the system applied in a clinical Institutional Review Board (IRB) test is shown to prove the usability of the system for an unmet medical need
The system has been realized and was proved to be able to plug-and-play into most of the PSG devices used in hospitals and clinical sleep institutions for the diagnosis of OSAS patients
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is common in our community and is characterized by repetitive, short-duration blockages of the upper airways during sleep, resulting in episodic cessation of breathing (apnea) or reduction in airflow (hypopnea) that may lead to frequent arousals, disrupted sleep structures, excessive daytime sleepiness, intermittent hypoxemia, and many other systemic effects. Sleep apnea is estimated to occur in up to 24% of middle-aged men and 9% of middle-aged women [1]. Clinical studies reported that the remission from apnea syndrome was diagnosed from the patients with mild OSAS. That finding can relieve the problem of sleep apnea. The reason of the remission might be caused by the change of body or head position. Studies showed that lying on one’s side or the lateral decubitus position reduces the number of apneic events as compared to lying on one’s back or supine sleeping position [2, 3]. Sleeping positions were suggested to have correlation with the sleeping problems. There is no scientific evidence to support this clinical observation
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