Abstract
Purpose: To characterize the prevalence and factors associated with ARV adherence in HIV/AIDS-infected children at outpatient clinics, Vietnam National Children's Hospital.
 Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at outpatient clinics, Vietnam National Children's Hospital in 2019.
 Results: The study results showed that 63% of HIV/AIDS infected children adhered to treatment and 37% of them did not adhere to ARV. The study investigated the relevance of 11 factors and found 5 factors related to pediatric noncompliance, including a short treatment period of less than 1 year (OR: 17.1; 95% CI: 2,26-75,5 and p < 0,01); waiting time for taking drugs is too long (OR: 19.3; 95% CI: 7.9-50.9 and p < 0.01); main caregivers aged ≥ 50 (OR = 42.3; 95% CI from 17.9-120.1 and p < 0.01.
 Conclusions: The prevalence of ARV adherence in HIV/AIDS-infected children was 63%. Counseling intervention models to improve drug treatment compliance should be concentrated on newly infected children, treatment duration less than 1 year and their primary caregivers over 50 years old.
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