Real world study on prevalence, treatment and economic burden of myasthenia gravis in Italy

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiology, management, and economic burden of myasthenia gravis in settings of real clinical practice. The analysis used administrative databases covering around 12 million subjects across Italy and included all adult patients with hospitalization discharge diagnosis or active exemption code for myasthenia gravis or with ≥1 pyridostigmine prescription from 2011 to 2018. The estimated prevalence of myasthenia gravis during 2018 was in the range 13.5–29.3/100,000 people (depending on the criteria applied), corresponding to 8190–17,728 alive patients, when reproportioning data to the entire Italian population. Overall 4397 patients with myasthenia gravis (mean age 61.7 years, 46.6% males) were included. A large pyridostigmine use was observed (84.0%–46.8% from 1st to 3rd year of follow-up), followed by corticosteroids (54.5%–44.6% from 1st to 3rd year of follow-up) and non-steroidal immunosuppressants (16% over follow-up). Total direct healthcare costs for myasthenia gravis were 4-times higher than those of the general population (€3771 and €869, respectively), and up to 9-fold increased when considering patients with exacerbation (€7827). These findings showed the epidemiologic burden of myasthenia gravis and the complexity of the therapeutic management for the affected patients, with large use of treatments and elevated healthcare expenditures.