Real-world outcomes of intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor monotherapy in proliferative type 2 macular telangiectasia.

Abstract

To study the effect of anti-VEGFs in proliferative MacTel 2 METHODS: Sixty-four eyes of 51 patients of MacTel 2 with subretinal neovascular membrane (SRNVM) undergoing intravitreal anti-VEGF monotherapy at our institution between January 2015 and December 2018 were evaluated for visual acuity, central macular thickness (CMT) and total macular volume (TMV) using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Repeat investigations were performed at the final follow-up. Location of SRNVM was foveal (F) in 65.6% eyes and extrafoveal (EF) in 34.4% eyes. Both CMT and TMV were lower significantly at baseline in EF-SRNVM. Fifty-six eyes received intravitreal bevacizumab and 8 eyes received ranibizumab. Average 2.14 ± 1.21 injections (range, 1-6) were administered. After a mean follow-up duration of 16.01 ± 12.96months, the final visual acuity (VA) improved in 35.9% eyes, reduced in 28.1% and remained unchanged in 35.9% eyes. Significant improvement of VA was seen in F-SRNVM; however, overall, there was no significant improvement in visual acuity. Significant reduction in CMT was seen in F-SRNVM from 391.73 ± 152.45μm to 293.33 ± 114.77μm (p < 0.05) while EF-SRNVM did not show significant reduction. Total macular volume overall changed significantly from 8.79 ± 1.69 to 8.05 ± 1.27 (p < 0.05) and individually in F- and EF-SRNVM (p < 0.05). Intravitreal bevacizumab and ranibizumab monotherapy both had similar efficacy. Anti-VEGF agents can be successfully used to treat proliferative MacTels. Macular volume measurement on OCT may be a useful parameter for evaluating EF-SRNVM and as a prognostic marker of management outcomes.