Abstract
Eighty maize grain samples collected in Nigeria were investigated for fumonisin B 1 (FB 1 ) content and Fusarium verticillioides colonization. F. verticillioides DNA was quantified by species-specific real-time PCR and living propagules of the fungus were counted by agar-plating method. FB 1 was detected in 55 (68.7%) of the total samples (mean: 98.5 µg/kg, range: 10 to 714 µg/kg) at 10 µg/kg detection limit. The mean amount of F. verticillioides DNA determined by real-time PCR was 49.7 µg/kg (range: 10-126.7 µg/kg), while agar plate method showed the presence of F. verticillioides in 45 samples (mean incidence: 21.0%, range: 6.7-60.0%). There was cor- relation ties between F. verticillioides DNA by real time PCR and fungal colonization by agar plate method (R = 0.71, p = 00001 at 95% confidence level), and means of FB 1 and F. verticillioides DNA in the yellow and white maize were significantly different. Despite the high consumption of maize in Nigeria, the amount of FB 1 ingested by consumers appears to be low. The estimated daily intake of fumonisins was 0.21 µg/kg body weight per day.
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