Abstract
This paper proposes an intelligent framework to predict and automatically regulate earth pressure using a deep learning technique during earth pressure balance shield tunneling. A prediction model was proposed by integrating a new cost function (relative mean square error) with a gated recurrent unit (GRU). The moving average smoothing method was also incorporated into the GRU model to reduce the noise of the dataset and improve the accuracy of the proposed model. A real-time dynamic regulation model for adjusting the operational parameters was proposed by integrating the GRU model into a genetic algorithm-based optimizer. By adjusting the operational parameters, the dynamic regulation model regulates the excessive predicted earth pressure within a suggested range. The proposed prediction and regulation models were applied to a metro tunnel construction in Luoyang, China. The results show that the proposed models provide good guidance for automated tunnel construction.
Highlights
Rapid urbanization brings about the large-scale construction of underground infrastructures such as metro lines [1]–[3] and deep excavations [4]
This study proposed an intelligent framework to predict and automatically regulate earth pressure using the deep learning technique incorporated with a genetic algorithm (GA) during earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunneling
Compared to the gated recurrent unit (GRU) models based on mean square error (MSE) and mean absolute error (MAE) cost functions, the relative mean square error (REMSE) cost function provides the best convergence rate, stabilisation calculation, and error value
Summary
Rapid urbanization brings about the large-scale construction of underground infrastructures such as metro lines [1]–[3] and deep excavations [4]. Issues caused by largescale construction [5] such as ground settlement [6]–[9], raintriggered floods [10]–[14], and soil liquefaction [15], [16] lead to significant social, economic, and environmental losses. Earth pressure balance (EPB) shield tunneling is widely used in the construction of metro lines because of its minimal disturbance to the environment. During EPB shield tunneling, the excavated materials, when combined with various additives, fill up the soil chamber to provide support pressure to the excavation face [17].
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