Abstract
The high electron mobility transistor (HEMT)-based biosensors are highly competitive in the ultimate application of portable and point-of-care testing. Herein, we have demonstrated highly sensitive and real-time detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), a biomarker for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) using AlGaAs/GaAs HEMT-based biosensors. The device has achieved a lower detection limit of 1 pg/ml in the buffer solution and less than 30 s response time, which demonstrated significant promise in the early diagnosis and screening of AMI. In addition, our results are consistent with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay according to the AMI patient’s blood test results. Furthermore, by comparing the two HEMT structures, we also calculated the equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) of the cTnI and cTnI antibody and analyzed the sensing mechanism. The results show that this method is very promising for early diagnosis of AMI.
Highlights
Acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs) are one of the top five most expensive conditions during inpatient hospitalizations.1 In 2015, about 15.9 × 106 myocardial infarctions occurred worldwide
We further investigated the selectivity of the antibody modified high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) biosensor by comparing the signal of bovine serum albumin (BSA), serum of healthy human (SHH), and serum of the AMI patient (SAP)
In order to analyze the sensitivity of the HEMT to the cardiac troponin I (cTnI) antigen, we compared the response of the sensor before and after gate functionalization
Summary
Acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs) are one of the top five most expensive conditions during inpatient hospitalizations. In 2015, about 15.9 × 106 myocardial infarctions occurred worldwide. Acute myocardial infarctions (AMIs) are one of the top five most expensive conditions during inpatient hospitalizations.. In 2015, about 15.9 × 106 myocardial infarctions occurred worldwide. Cardiac muscle cells fracture when myocardial infarction occurs, and this process releases biomarkers into the blood, which could be measured by a blood test to diagnose myocardial infarctions.. A rapid diagnosis test is of great importance in the treatment of myocardial infarctions.. The concentration of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) is efficient in diagnosing or excluding myocardial infarctions.. According to the Guideline for the Management of STElevation Myocardial Infarction, cTnI is a gold standard marker for the detection of AMI.. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the most common method of measuring protein, but this method is not quick enough, as it takes about 2 h. There are motivations to find a real-time cTnI detection method
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