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Abstract
We report an experimental method to create optical lattices with real-time control of their periodicity. We demonstrate a continuous change of the lattice periodicity from 0.96 microm to 11.2 microm in one second, while the center fringe only moves less than 2.7 microm during the whole process. This provides a powerful tool for controlling ultracold atoms in optical lattices, where small spacing is essential for quantum tunneling, and large spacing enables single-site manipulation and spatially resolved detection.
Highlights
Ultracold atoms in optical lattices are a model system for studying quantum many-body effects in a highly controllable way [1]
Single-site manipulation and detection has been demonstrated in optical lattices with large periodicity [11, 12]
We report the creation of an optical lattice formed by two parallel beams brought together at the focal plane of a lens
Summary
Ultracold atoms in optical lattices are a model system for studying quantum many-body effects in a highly controllable way [1]. Small periodicity makes it very difficult to manipulate and detect single sites of the optical lattice. Single-site manipulation and detection has been demonstrated in optical lattices with large periodicity [11, 12]. We can bridge this gap if we are able to change the lattice periodicity while keeping atoms trapped in the lattice. This stability allows one to change the lattice spacing in real time while keeping atoms trapped This is useful in many other applications of optical lattices, such as sorting microscopic particles [19]
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