Abstract
This paper deals with the definition and analysis of a complete electronic system for the detection and monitoring of stability characteristics in complex scenarios such as structural elements or environmental events. For instance, it may be successfully adopted to detect rockfall events on protection barriers, as well as to monitor landslides or the integrity of structures like bridges and buildings. The system is completely autonomous thanks to the implementation of an energy harvesting architecture and realizes a wireless sensor network whose nodes are auto-configurable, making it possible to freely arrange them in situ. The continuously collected data are relative to acceleration, inclination, position, and temperature of each node. These data are transmitted and stored on a remote web server devoted to the automatic management of alarms and accessible for data consulting. The proposed system is currently operating in different experimental fields in Italy.
Highlights
Dangerous natural hazards like landslides and rock fall events are even more common in many areas, especially in mountainous regions, and due to geological and climate changes
Some solutions like physical barriers or indirect remedies based on reforestation or terracing works are trying to mitigate the effects of these serious risks, but these prevention activities cannot be enough to ensure safety [1,2,3,4,5]
Since the inclination of the structure hosting is computed by means by of static the sensingthe element waits for vibrations fade before the node is computed meansaccelerations, of static accelerations, sensing element waits forto vibrations to computing the actual tilt to be added to the data packet
Summary
Dangerous natural hazards like landslides and rock fall events are even more common in many areas, especially in mountainous regions, and due to geological and climate changes. The WSN can be freely arranged on the site under analysis and the system is completely autonomous thanks to the use of energy harvesting architecture mounted directly on board on each node [15,16,17,18] All these characteristics allow complete control of the dynamic of the structure or site, and to take in advance the needed action necessary to prevent any damage or risk for humans, thanks to the possibility of activating automatic warning messages and systems. Both nodes and datalogger have been fabricated thank to a spinoff company and are almost industrialized products; after long tests on hostile scenarios they have been installed and are operating in experimental fields and buildings
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