Abstract
The growing demand for real time analysis of bioanalytes has spurred development in the field of wearable technology to offer non-invasive data collection at a low cost. The manufacturing processes for creating these sensing systems vary significantly by the material used, the type of sensors needed and the subject of study as well. The methods predominantly involve stretchable electronic sensors to monitor targets and transmit data mainly through flexible wires or short-range wireless communication devices. Capable of conformal contact, the application of wearable technology goes beyond the healthcare to fields of food, zoology and botany. With a brief review of wearable technology and its applications to various fields, we believe this mini review would be of interest to the reader in broad fields of materials, sensor development and areas where wearable sensors can provide data that are not available elsewhere.
Highlights
Chemicals, physical, or biological reaction products, i.e., biomarkers, produced from a bodily function within the organism can be detected by sensors either invasively or non-invasively to form the basis of bioanalysis
In this mini review, we mainly focus on wearable sensors technologies that monitor biomarkers and obtain specific information from the subject
Considering the small sampling volumes collected by wearable biosensors and low bioanalyte concentration in these samples, it is of growing interest to pursue biosensors with excellent selectivity, sensitivity and reproducibility
Summary
Physical, or biological reaction products, i.e., biomarkers, produced from a bodily function within the organism can be detected by sensors either invasively or non-invasively to form the basis of bioanalysis. Continuous monitoring of the body temperature over time will help medical professionals narrow down the list of possible diseases and order relevant clinical testing to provide the clinical endpoint needed for the diagnosis It fuels the demand for wearable devices that can continuously monitor the biomarkers in real time. It is worth mentioning that with the development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and the Internet of Things, individual in situ monitoring devices could connect to an integrated network for intelligent control and data analysis [15] In this mini review, we mainly focus on wearable sensors technologies that monitor biomarkers and obtain specific information from the subject. Considering the numerous excellent reviews in this field [3,16,17,18,19], we will briefly discuss the recent development of stretchable materials and structures and manufacturing techniques for wearable biosensors
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