Real single-loop cyclic three-level configuration of chiral molecules

Abstract

Single-loop cyclic three-level ($\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}$-type) configuration of chiral molecules was used for enantio-separation in many theoretical works. Considering the effect of molecular rotation, this simple single-loop configuration is generally replaced by a complicated multiple-loop configuration containing multiple degenerate magnetic sublevels and the ability of the enantio-separation methods is suppressed. For chiral asymmetric top molecules, we propose a scheme to construct a real single-loop $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}$-type configuration with no connections to other states by applying three microwave fields with appropriate polarization vectors and frequencies. With our scheme, the previous theoretical proposals for enantio-separation based on single-loop $\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Delta}}$-type configurations can be experimentally realized when the molecular rotation is considered.