Real-life study of the use of oto-acoustic emissions in the diagnosis of intracranial hypotension

Abstract

BackgroundThe diagnosis of spontaneous or post-traumatic intracranial hypotension (IH) mainly relies on clinical features and neuro-imaging. However, the results of brain and spine magnetic resonance imaging are not always contributive. There is an interest for other non-invasive procedures, able to confirm or refute the diagnosis. The use of oto-acoustic emissions (OAE) was previously reported on isolated cases of IH associated with endolymphatic hydrops (ELH). The aim of this study was to assess the real-life utilization of this electrophysiological method in a larger population of suspected IH. MethodsA retro-prospective cohort study was conducted from November 2013 to July 2022 in patients with a suspected or doubtful diagnosis of IH. They were assessed for ELH by recording bilateral distortion product of oto-acoustic emissions (DPOAE) in sitting then in supine position. ResultsAmong the 32 patients assessed, the diagnostic of IH was confirmed in 18 patients. An ELH was shown in 15 of them (83%), but also in seven other patients. They had several differential diagnoses: chronic migraine, Chiari malformation, rebound intracranial hypertension and perilymph fistula. ConclusionsThis procedure seems to be insufficient to exclude differential diagnosis when intracranial hypotension is suspected.