Abstract
The real driving emission (RDE) testing for certification of vehicles is performed in conditions that are well defined in legislation. For emissions inventories and for research, the influences of some extended driving conditions on emissions are an interesting issue. In the present work, some examples of RDE results from two common passenger cars with gasoline and diesel propulsion are given. The varying driving conditions were “winter/summer”, “mild/aggressive”, and “higher altitude/slop”. The driving conditions: “winter”, “aggressive”, and “higher slope/altitude” generally require more energy, cause higher fuel consumption, and therefore, higher CO2-emissions. The condition of “winter driving”, especially in the urban type of operation, may cause some longer phases with not enough warmed-up exhaust aftertreatment and consequently some increased gaseous emissions. The DPF eliminates the nanoparticles (PN) independently on the driving conditions. Nevertheless, the DPF regeneration has an influence on the CO2-normality of the trip. The CO2-normality primary tolerance range can also be exceeded with aggressive driving. The elaborated results confirm the usefulness of the existing legal limits for the driving conditions of RDE homologation tests.
Highlights
The testing and evaluating of real driving emissions (RDE) as a part of the certification of new types of passenger cars was introduced into EU-legislation in September 2017
Different details concerning the development and refining of testing procedure, testing equipment, evaluation, and others were introduced in so-called RDE packages
The fourth RDE package applies for certification since January 2019
Summary
The testing and evaluating of real driving emissions (RDE) as a part of the certification of new types of passenger cars was introduced into EU-legislation in September 2017. The increased amount of RDE-data can be used for different objectives, such as: further development of emission inventories, compliance with “In-Service Conformity” (ISC, EU regulation 2018/1832), and market surveillance activities (EU regulation 2018/858). Driving style (aggressive/mild) as well as the influence of slope and geodesic height These different factors were addressed by the authors in [23–30]. The entirety of these factors will be presented in the present paper to give some examples of influences of the extended driving conditions on the emissions and on the (certification) validity of the trip for two typical passenger cars (gasoline and diesel). All vehicles were operated with the Swiss market fuels and with lubricating oils, which were present in each vehicle
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