Abstract
Most of swamp soils in tidal land are Acid Sulfate Soils. Acid sulfate soils are the common name given to soils containing iron sulfides (pyrite). The soils are characterized by very low pH and high amount of soluble S and Fe, resulted from oxidation of pyrite when soils are drained. This study was aimed to determine acidity pattern, iron and sulfate solubility as the impact of the length time of oxidized, the effect of inhibitors application to acidity rate of sulfidic materials and top soils. The materials are: (1) soils at pyritic layer (sulfidic materials) and (2) soils at 0 – 20 cm from soil surface. Soils is sampled at Barambai reclaimed area, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan Province. In the laboratory soils treated with some ameliorants, that are silica, phosphate and lime applied with dosage 2 t ha-1 with 3 replications times. The soils incubated for 2 weeks under submerged condition. After soil incubation, soil exposed to the air for 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks. Parameters of soil analysis include pH, sulfate and iron soluble. Results of this study showed that (1) soil acidity rate of sulfidic materials more faster than upper soils when soils and sulfidic materials oxidized intensively, (2) at submerged soil condition or high soil water content, the application of ameliorants effective increasing the soil pH of the upper soils, (3) at further oxidized soil condition or lower soil water content, the application of ameliorants inhibited acidity rate of soils and sulfidic materials, and (4) at further oxidized soil condition or lower soil water content, the application of ameliorants increased iron solubility of soils and sulfidic materials.
Highlights
Acidity Reaction of Pyrite in Tidal Swampland
Shamsuddin and Sarwani (2002) menyebutkan bahwa bahan-bahan alami dapat digunakan untuk menghanbat reaksi pemasaman pirit
Pengaruh pencucian dan penggenangan tanah sulfat masam terhadap sifat kimia tanah
Summary
Bahan penelitian utama adalah (1) contoh tanah pada lapisan pirit (bahan sulfidik) dan (2) lapisan tanah 0 -20 cm dari permukaan tanah. Pada lapisan tanah 0 – 20 cm, setelah digenangi bahan amelioran dan diinkubasi selama dua minggu (lama drainase 0 minggu) memperlihatkan bahwa pemberian amelioran meningkatkan pH tanah sebesar 0,5 – 1 satuan. Gambar 1 memperlihatkan penurunan nilai pH tanah setelah tanah lapisan 0 – 20 cm dikeringanginkan sampai dengan 6 minggu, tetapi pH tanah yang diberi amelioran relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pH tanah kontrol. Setelah digenangi bahan amelioran dan diinkubasi selama dua minggu (lama drainase 0 minggu) memperlihatkan bahwa pemberian amelioran menyebabkan pH bahan sulfidik relatif lebih rendah (0,5 – 1,5 satuan pH) dibandingkan dengan pH bahan sulfidik kontrol. Nilai pH bahan sulfidik yang diberi perlakuan amelioran relatif lebih stabil terhadap lama tanah didrainase (Gambar 2). Pemberian amelioran pada tanah lapisan atas pada saat 0 minggu drainase menyebabkan pH meningkat karena bahan amelioran dapat menetralkan kemasaman tanah, sebaliknya pemberian amelioran pada bahan sulfidik pada saat 0 minggu drainase menurunkan pH, hal ini disebabkan bahan amelioran menjadi bahan oksidan untuk bahan sulfidik
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