Abstract
Summary In 6-year studies (2005–2010) carried out in static field experiment on lessive proper soil in the Balcyny Production and Experimental Company near Ostroda town, the reactions of two varieties of oat (Chwat and Cwal) to a chemical protection against weeds as well as weeds and diseases was evaluated. The comparison of reactions of oat was estimated in two following crop sequence systems: i.e. A) the cultivation of oat varieties in 6-field crop rotation: potato – oat – fibrous flax – rye – horse bean and winter triticale, and B) cultivations in 38–43-year monoculture. The oat cultivation without any protection was a control object in both systems. The studies demonstrated that the both crop sequence systems significantly differentiated the reaction of two oat varieties to applied levels of the protection. Generally, chemical protection applied in crop rotation, decreased yields of oat varieties, and in the case of the monoculture the yield of oat significantly increased with intensification of protection. Simultaneously, a significant higher yield growth took place in the case of the protection against diseases than against weeds. In both crop sequence systems, the Chwat variety of oat reacted better to protection levels. When it was cultivated in the 6-field crop rotation the grain yield was decreased despite herbicides and fungicides application while in the case of monoculture it significantly increased.
Highlights
W monokulturze łączna ochrona przed chwastami i chorobami podniosła istotnie wydajność ziarna owsa, zarówno w relacji do obiektu bez ochrony, jak i do obiektu chronionego tylko herbicydem
3. Poziom chemicznej ochrony łanu, zarówno w płodozmianie, jak i w wieloletniej monokulturze, nie miał istotnego wpływu na plonowanie odmiany Cwał
Summary
Porównania reakcji dokonano w dwóch systemach następstwa roślin: A) uprawa odmian owsa w 6-polowym płodozmianie: ziemniak – owies – len włóknisty – żyto – bobik – pszenżyto ozime i B) uprawa w 38–43-letniej monokulturze. W monokulturze plony owsa istotnie rosły wraz z intensyfikowaniem ochrony łanu, przy czym znacznie większy przyrost plonu dała ochrona przed chorobami niż chwastami. Badane odmiany owsa różniły się reakcją na poziom ochrony w poszczególnych systemach następstwa roślin.
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