Abstract
Urea is electrolytically oxidized on anodic platinum surfaces to ammonia and carbon dioxide at potentials in the range of 0.5 to 1.1 V relative to Ag/AgCl. The oxidation is a nonsteady-state phenomenon in which individual reactions follow Tafel kinetics and in which the urea reaction products remain on the surface leading to reversible electrode deactivation and concomitant increase in electrode potential at constant current. An optimal control method, voltage polarity relay, accomplishes simultaneous urea oxidation and electrode regeneration. A simple kinetic model is shown to adequately describe the observed phenomena.
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