Abstract
Abstract In the present paper a statistical-thermodynamic theory of nematic liquid crystals, developed by us on the basis of the fundamentals of statistical physics and chemical thermodynamics with the help of experimental data for the activation energy of the viscous flow of nematic and isotropic liquids is suggested. Using the theory and as an illustration a number of nematics from mesogenic molecules with chemically inactive groups in the terminal position, physical-chemical characteristics are obtained, which help to better revealing the mechanism of the viscous flow of liquid crystals in nematic and isotropic phases, their reactivity in such processes as a displacement of nematic-isotropic equilibrium taking place at phase transition, conformational changes of molecules establishing the composition of equilibrium subsystems and the time of their relaxation.
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