Abstract
In this study, the Ni nanoparticles grafted TiO2 nanotubes electrode improved by surface reconstruction (s-Ni/TiO2/Ti) shows the facile hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in the alkaline and chloride solutions. Nickel nanoparticles were electrochemically grafted on the anodic TiO2 nanotubes under different conditions. The heat treatment of TiO2 nanotubes contributes to the enhancement of electrical conductivity and template adherence. The surface reconstruction is indicated to create heterojunction intermediates, Ni(OH)2 and NiOOH, on the surface of Ni nanoparticles. An extremely low overpotential of 126 mV is required for HER on the s-Ni/TiO2/Ti electrode in 1.0 M KOH solution, showing higher activity than Pt/C. Besides, the developed electrode exhibits an overpotential of 127 mV for HER in 1.0 M KOH + 0.5 M NaCl solution. The long-term stability over 100 h suggests a highly active and inexpensive material choice for substituting the precious electrocatalysts in corrosive media such as seawater.
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