Abstract
Historical institutionalism (HI) is criticized for over-emphasizing stability and linearity in global institutions. The authors argue that both institutional stability and change can be due to path-dependent processes. Yet, while self-reinforcing mechanisms are amply discussed in the HI literature, the self-undermining effects of institutions are less frequently theorized in HI, especially in International Relations. Against this background, the authors develop a set of propositions about path-dependent reactive sequences, first by delineating the concept of reactive sequences from self-reinforcing processes, second by suggesting two archetypes of reactive sequences in IR (power–outcome decoupling and the authority–legitimation link), and third by illustrating this argument with developments in global health governance.
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