Reactive Nanoparticles in Coatings

Abstract

This chapter provides a short review of the use of nanoparticles in the creation of reactive coatings. We will focus upon the use of reactive nanoparticles in the following three applications: self-cleaning surfaces, antimicrobial coatings, and surfaces capable of neutralizing chemical hazards. In the first section we will outline the use of photoactive TiO 2 nanoparticles to create self-cleaning and self-sterilizing surfaces. Photocatalytic titanium dioxide is the most commonly used material in the production of reactive coatings. In particular, we will discuss the commercial application of TiO 2 nanoparticle thin films in the formation of self-cleaning glass. The second section will focus on the applicaiton of reactive nanoparticles in the development of effective antimicrobial coatings. Although TiO 2 nanoparticle thin films have some utility as antimicrobial surfaces, the majority of antimicrobial surfaces utilize silver nanoparticles. In the third section we will discuss recent work in our laboratory to create nanoparticle-containing coatings capable of degrading chemical warfare agent simulants. Chemical warfare agents are extremely toxic. Hence, there is considerable interest in developing methods to protect military personnel from fatal exposures. Our laboratory has developed a metal oxide-containing polyelectrolyte thin film capable of degrading simulants of toxic chemical warfare agents.