Reactive Nanocomposites as Versatile Additives for Composite Propellants

Abstract

A new approach to improve the performance of composite propellants was developed in which reactive nanocomposites (RNCs) are used as replacements for aluminum powders in composite solid rocket propellants. The new materials are mechanically activated nanothermites comprising of nano‐powders of aluminum as the fuel as well as oxides of copper, iron, molybdenum, or nickel as the oxidizer. The obtained RNCs were characterized using X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and laser diffraction particle size analyzer. The obtained RNCs were used for preparation of modified composite solid rocket propellants (CSRPs). Burning rate, thermal decomposition behavior, heat of combustion, sensitivity, and mechanical properties of CSRPs were determined. The results showed increases in the combustion energy and the burning rate of the modified propellants were achieved, and that RNCs can be considered to be promising multi‐function additives for composite solid rocket propellants. In addition, the mechanical properties and sensitivities of the modified propellants are within the desired range.