Abstract
Curcumin is known as a blood purifier in Ayurveda which has been recently ascribed to its chelating ability with metal, hence reducing the deposition of metal in the body. Curcumin can exhibit keto-enol tautomerism and in the synthesized 1:1 metal complexes, the enolate ion chelate to the metal. The antioxidant activity of the synthesized metal complexes of curcumin was slightly less than the parent curcumin-I. Curcumin in the complexed state retains its antioxidant behavior, consequently establishing importance of phenolic group in deciding its antioxidant activity. The study reveals that the flexibility at the diketo moiety is not a requisite for the radical formation and sufficient scavenging of DPPH occur by phenoxide ion formation.
Highlights
Turmeric, the rhizome from the plant Curcuma longa has been in use for centuries for the treatment of various ailments in Indian traditional system of healing Ayurveda, which mean the science of long life [1]
The hydroxyl group attached to the two aromatic rings and the β-diketo moiety connected to the ring through conjugated system in curcumin are suggested to be the active centres for its activity
In order to establish the relative importance of phenolic and enolic center to the antioxidant activity of curcumin, the synthesis of only 1:1 complexes were attempted even though 1:2 complexes of curcumin were reported [8]. This was to retain the number of phenolic group as two, similar to the parent curcumin-1
Summary
The rhizome from the plant Curcuma longa has been in use for centuries for the treatment of various ailments in Indian traditional system of healing Ayurveda, which mean the science of long life [1]. Studies in the last few decades revealed that, curcumin, the diferolyl methane is mainly responsible for the biological activities of turmeric [2,3,4,5]. The metal complexes of curcumin with copper, iron and some other metals are reported which involve the chelation via diketo moiety [8,9,10]. The contribution of metal in neurodegenerative disorder such as Alzheimer disease (AD), mitochondrial disorder, Wilson’s disease and Parkinson’s disease were recently reported [11] and a number of clinical trials were performed to test the ability of natural antioxidant including curcumin [12] to slow down the progression of AD. Curcumin exhibit unique charge and bonding characteristic [13] that facilitate penetration into the blood brain barrier superior to other known nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)[14] and Congo red[15].The effectiveness of curcumin against oxidative stress is well established and is directly related to the decrease in plaque formation in brain cell [15] the primary factor responsible for AD
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