Abstract
1. In the reactions of alkaline-earth metal tetraethylaluminates with aliphatic aldehydes, four of the eight C2H5 groups react. The main process is alkylation with formation of a secondary alcohol. 2. In the reaction of lithium tetraethylaluminate with n-butyraldehyde, the main process is alkylation with the participation of two C2H5 groups, resulting in formation of a secondary alcohol; also, to a slight extent, the aldehyde is reduced with formation of 1-butanol and ethylene. 3. In reactions of (C2H5)3Al with aliphatic aldehydes, one alkyl group reacts, and the composition of the reaction products depends on the molar ratio RCHO: (C2H5)3Al. When the latter is 1:1, the main process is alkylation with formation of a secondary alcohol; the Oppenauer reaction and reduction occur as collateral processes. At molar ratios RCHO: (C2H5)3Al >1, the Oppenauer and Tishchenko reactions, as well as reduction, take place to a considerable extent; as a result, the yield of the secondary alcohol is substantially decreased.
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