Abstract
The title compounds are possible intermediates from the decomposition of cellulose under liquefaction conditions. Reactions of these products showed that most of the liquefaction products can arise from these or similar intermediates. Thus phenol, light aromatic hydrocarbons, indans and tetralins can arise from aldol condensations of acetaldehyde. High temperatures favour the reverse aldol reactions, and hence would inhibit the formation of these compounds. 2-Methylbenzofuran is formed by the reaction of acetol and phenol, while xanthenes can be formed by the coupling of aldehydes (formaldehyde or acetaldehyde) with phenol. The formaldehyde function can arise from deformylation of other aldehydes, although it is also known to be formed in the decomposition of saccharides, e.g. levoglucosenone, where xanthene is formed.
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