Abstract
AbstractThe reactions which may occur in the organic phase during mononitration of benzene and toluene under heterogeneous conditions used in industry have been studied by mixing the hydrocarbon with a solution of nitrating acid in either m‐mononitrotoluene or mononitrobenzene. Both nitration and oxidation reactions are shown to occur. A separate aqueous phase may be formed during reaction, and distribution of nitric acid into this has an important effect on reaction in the organic phase. The rate of nitration is sensitive to the presence of even traces of sulphuric acid. The ratio of mononitrotoluene isomers formed in the organic phase is the same as under heterogeneous conditions.
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