Reacciones locales en el punto de inyección por uso de inmunomoduladores en esclerosis múltiple, en relación con factores antropométricos y hábitos dietéticos

Abstract

IntroductionInjection site reactions (ISRs) are one of the most common side effects in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with subcutaneous disease modifying therapies (DMTs). Some studies show that ISRs are more common in women than in men, and are also related to the distribution of body fat. ObjectivesTo determine anthropometric factors, and dietary and exercise habits associated with the appearance of ISRs in patients treated with subcutaneous DMTs, to establish what type of ISRs are more frequent in our population with each type of drug. MethodAn observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted on 194 patients who were selected by non-random systematic sampling. The variables studied were age, sex, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, skin phototype, diet, and level of physical activity. ResultsAbout three-quarters (76%) of patients (85.6% females and 58% males) had some kind of ISRs (P<.001). Patients following a reasonable diet for health suffered less ISRs (P=.03). The duration of treatment in patients with ISRs was 74.65 months (SD 55.14), compared to 71.04 months (SD 59.68) (P=.71) for those free of ISRs. ConclusionsOur findings show that there are some protective factors for the onset of ISRs, such as being male and have a proper diet. No relationship was found between the other variables studied and the appearance of ISRs. A longer duration of treatment does not necessarily mean a higher frequency of ISRs.