REABILITAÇÃO PSICOSSOCIAL EM MORADIAS ASSISTIDAS NO BRASIL E EM PORTUGAL

Antonio José De Almeida Filho,Paulo Joaquim Pina Queirós,Manuel Alves Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/0104-07072016000770015

Antonio José De Almeida Filho, Paulo Joaquim Pina Queirós + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-07072016000770015

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Abstract

O objetivo desta pesquisa é discutir como as Moradias Terapêuticas para usuários com transtorno mental, nos municípios de Miranda do Corvo-Portugal e de Volta Redonda-Brasil contribuem com o processo de reabilitação psicossocial das pessoas com sofrimento psíquico. Estudo de perspectiva histórica, cujas fontes foram leis, resoluções e relatórios oficiais e depoimentos de enfermeiros, psicólogos e assistentes sociais. Constatou-se que, embora em ambos os municípios a intenção seja a desinstitucionalização das pessoas com sofrimento psíquico, em Miranda do Corvo-Portugal a gestão financeira e administrativa é de responsabilidade de uma Fundação e, em Volta Redonda-Brasil, essa gestão fica sob os auspícios do poder executivo municipal, além de se observar em Miranda do Corvo a adoção de normas disciplinares em função no excesso de usuários. Conclui-se que a crise econômica em Portugal interferiu na política de expansão de Moradias Terapêuticas para uma quantidade de usuários que não permite intervenção mais individualizada.

Highlights

Mental illness has come to be highlighted and be considered of interest for research since the end of the 19th century, with emphasis on the psychiatric institutions for treating and/or isolating the person with some form of psychiatric disturbance
Interviews were held with four professionals who participated in the process of creating and implanting Therapeutic Housing for people with psychological illness in the municipality of Volta Redonda, which has 87,366 inhabitants and covers an area of 182,483 Km2
The implementation of Therapeutic Housing in both these countries originated in the political wish to dehospitalize people with psychological illnesses; the administrative links and functioning were significantly distinct in each municipality studied

Summary

Introduction

Mental illness has come to be highlighted and be considered of interest for research since the end of the 19th century, with emphasis on the psychiatric institutions for treating and/or isolating the person with some form of psychiatric disturbance. As a result of this, the psychiatric hospitals were, in a certain way, seen as a solution for madness, this treatment proposal was from its beginning, the target of criticism.[1] In opposition to this treatment, which isolated those who live with psychiatric illness, there began and expanded, in various countries and continents, a set of political, social, cultural, administrative and legal initiatives, which aimed to transform society’s relationship with the person with psychological illness. These actions, known as the Psychiatric Reform, are a complex process which has as its challenge to reconfigure the social practices, taking into account a new perspective on the person with mental illness. The Reform covers, a number of issues, ranging from transformations in the medical-psychiatric institution and knowledge through to the social practices of interaction with these people.[2]

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