Abstract
Abstract. Streams draining small watersheds often exhibit multiple peaking sedigraphs associated with single peaking hydrographs. The process reasons of the multiple sediment peaks are not fully understood but they may be related to the activation of different sediment sources such as the stream bed itself, where deposited sediments from previous events may be available for resuspension. To understand resuspension of stream bed sediments at the reach scale we artificially flooded the small stream of the HOAL Petzenkirchen catchment in Austria by pumping sediment-free water into the stream. Two short floods were produced and flow, sediment and bromide concentrations were measured at three sites with high temporal resolution. Hydrologically, the two flood events were almost identical. The peak flows decreased from 57 to 7.9 L s−1 and the flow volumes decreased from 17 to 11.3 m2 along the 590 m reach of the stream. However, a considerably smaller sediment load was resuspended and transported during the second flood due to depletion of stream bed sediments. The exception was the middle section of the stream, where more sediment was transported during the second flood event which can be explained by differences between flow velocity and wave celerity and the resulting displacement of sediments within the stream. The results indicate that the first peak of the sedigraphs of natural events in this stream is indeed caused by the resuspension of stream bed sediments, accounting for up to six percent of the total sediment load depending on total flow volume.
Highlights
Understanding the sediment export from agricultural catchments is important for both land and water resources management
The process reasons of the multiple sediment peaks are not fully understood but they may be related to the activation of different sediment sources such as the stream bed itself, where deposited sediments from previous events may be available for resuspension
The exception was the middle section of the stream, where more sediment was transported during the second flood event which can be explained by differences between flow velocity and wave celerity and the resulting displacement of sediments within the stream
Summary
Understanding the sediment export from agricultural catchments is important for both land and water resources management. Land degradation and the transport of phosphorus are closely related to the sediment export (Kovacs et al, 2012). The occurrence of contaminants and particle-bound elements such as phosphorous in the stream can be related to the abundance of fine sediments (Mudroch and Azcue, 1995; Quinton et al, 2003). This is because much of the sediment is deposited prior to reaching the stream or deposited in the stream network itself prior to reaching the catchment outlet (Merrit et al, 2003; De Rose et al, 2003)
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