Abstract
Talaromyces minioluteus belongs to the section Trachyspermi, has a worldwide distribution and has been found on various substrates, especially on various (stored) food commodities and indoor environments. This species is phenotypically and phylogenetically closely related to T. chongqingensis and T. minnesotensis. The phylogenetic and morphological analyses of 37 strains previously identified as T. chongqingensis, T. minnesotensis and T. minioluteus revealed that this clade incudes eight species: the accepted species T. chongqingensis, T. minnesotensis and T. minioluteus, the newly proposed species T. calidominioluteus, T. africanus and T. germanicus, and the new combinations T. gaditanus (basionym Penicillium gaditanum) and T. samsonii (basionym Penicillium samsonii). In this study, we give insight of the phylogenetic relationships and provide detailed descriptions of the species belonging to this clade. Macromorphological features, especially colony growth rates, texture and conidial colors on agar media, are important characters for phenotypic differentiation between species.
Highlights
Talaromyces minioluteus belongs to the section of Trachyspermi and is phylogenetically related to T. chongqingensis, T. minnesotensis and T. udagawae
Visagie et al [18] suggested that T. minioluteus could represent a species complex, and more recently, two species were described in this complex, T. chongqingensis and T. minnesotensis [16,17]
Yilmaz et al [13] noted that many strains previously identified as P. purpurogenum var. rubrisclerotium resolved in a clade with T. amestolkiae, but that its presumed ex-type strain CBS 270.35 clustered with T. minioluteus [4]
Summary
Talaromyces minioluteus belongs to the section of Trachyspermi and is phylogenetically related to T. chongqingensis, T. minnesotensis and T. udagawae. Later multigene analyses confirmed this result and demonstrated that the majority of Talaromyces and subgenus Biverticillium species cluster together, forming a monophyletic clade within the Trichocomaceae [8,9]. Based on these results and in the light of the single name nomenclature concept, Talaromyces was redefined to include the majority of species previously classified in subgenus Biverticillium [10] and for example, Penicillium minioluteum was given the new combination Talaromyces minioluteus
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