Abstract
Ania Lindl. is a small genus of the tribe Collabieae subtribe Collabiinae (Orchidaceae). For the last 150 years, it has generally been treated as a synonym of Tainia Blume. In this study, we critically re-examined morphological characters that have been used to distinguish Ania from Tainia, and assessed the phylogeny of Tainia using morphological and palynological characters. Sequences of the nuclear ribosomal ITS, chloroplast trnL intron and combined DNA data sets were analysed to clarify the delimitation and the phylogeny of these groups. The morphological and palynological survey revealed a number of useful diagnostic characters which permit a clear definition of Ania, after the exclusion of a single taxonomically questionable species. Results confirmed that Ania is distinct from Tainia. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on molecular data provided the greatest resolution and produced a morphologically well differentiated clade of Ania. In addition to morphological and suggested palynological characters, the phylogenies were also supported by karyological evidence. Our results support the independent generic status of Ania. The genus name Ania is revived and re-established.
Highlights
The acceptance of the genus Ania Lindl. (Orchidaceae) varied historically, with the majority of opinions tending to include it within Tainia Blume
Molecular phylogeny The aligned ITS dataset comprised a total of 853 bases, of which 310 were parsimony informative
Compared with trnL intron sequence, the ITS region provided the higher number of parsimony informative characters, and the interspecific variation of the ITS sequence was higher than that of the trnL intron sequence
Summary
The acceptance of the genus Ania Lindl. (Orchidaceae) varied historically, with the majority of opinions tending to include it within Tainia Blume (see references [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12]). Was created by Lindley [17] based on two species collected in India He did mention that the genus is characterized by a three-lobed, saccate or spurred lip. Ridley [20] came to a different conclusion He separated some Tainia species in a new genus Ascotainia Ridl., which was characterized by having conical pseudobulbs, and free lateral sepals, not forming a mentum. This idea was rejected by Smith [5,6]. Tang & Wang regarded these two groups as independent genera They made new combinations for certain species to resurrect the generic name Ania, but these new combinations have not been published until 1939 [23]. Some authors have upheld the separation of Tainia and Ania [14,24,25,26], while others have merged the two genera [7,8,9,10,11,12]
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