Abstract
plemented by another study recently published in the Journal ( 5 ), showing rather strong increased risks of prostate cancer, especially the more advanced stages, among men with high serum levels of vitamin D. We argue the need for caution before recommending that the population take high doses of vitamin D supplements. We agree that many interesting studies indicate promising effects of vitamin D regarding public health, but the past has shown us (with the history of -carotene and lung cancer as the scariest lesson) that observational studies on micronutrient blood levels cannot always be extrapolated to positive effects of high-dose supplementation. Furthermore, it is rather interesting that both high physical activity and low body mass index seem to be strongly associated with high vitamin D blood levels ( 1 , 5 ). Could confounding by these two important health measures be an important part of the explanation for the preventive effects observed in some studies regarding vitamin D?
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