Abstract
In post-disaster scenarios, such as after floods, earthquakes, and in war zones, the cellular communication infrastructure may be destroyed or seriously disrupted. In such emergency scenarios, it becomes very important for first aid responders to communicate with other rescue teams in order to provide feedback to both the central office and the disaster survivors. To address this issue, rapidly deployable systems are required to re-establish connectivity and assist users and first responders in the region of incident. In this work, we describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of a rapidly deployable system for first response applications in post-disaster situations, named RDSP. The proposed system helps early rescue responders and victims by sharing their location information to remotely located servers by utilizing a novel routing scheme. This novel routing scheme consists of the Dynamic ID Assignment (DIA) algorithm and the Minimum Maximum Neighbor (MMN) algorithm. The DIA algorithm is used by relay devices to dynamically select their IDs on the basis of all the available IDs of networks. Whereas, the MMN algorithm is used by the client and relay devices to dynamically select their next neighbor relays for the transmission of messages. The RDSP contains three devices; the client device sends the victim’s location information to the server, the relay device relays information between client and server device, the server device receives messages from the client device to alert the rescue team. We deployed and evaluated our system in the outdoor environment of the university campus. The experimental results show that the RDSP system reduces the message delivery delay and improves the message delivery ratio with lower communication overhead.
Highlights
Cellular telephony is an extensively used communication technology
The RDSP scheme enables intermediate relay devices to dynamically select their IDs on the basis of the information provided by their neighbor relays and each intermediate relay selects the best forwarders towards the control server to minimize end-to-end and round-trip message delivery delays
The RDSP system achieved around 12% lower end-to-end delays than the Utility Function (UF) scheme across all the four paths. This was because the UF scheme is based on a Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV) protocol that requires all the relays to periodically exchange hello messages and entire routing tables, which leads to frequent contention and collisions among neighboring relays
Summary
Cellular telephony is an extensively used communication technology. There are approximately eight billion active cellular subscriptions globally with approximately half of those users added in the last few years, mostly in developing areas [1]. Mobile-cellular subscribers are more than the total population of the world This is because people enjoy more than one subscription to take advantage of competing data plans of different cellular operators and so forth. One way to overcome these issues is to arrange network components, such as relays, access points, or routers to create a temporary network on request [3] This needs a quickly deployable network to perform the required relief efforts, including helicopters and first responders on the floor that can save many lives. The RDSP aims to reduce the average waiting times for transmitting the rescue groups and victim’s location information towards the control server. The client device is used to transmit victim’s information via Wi-Fi towards the control server, which alerts emergency rescue teams to deliver food and other resources to displaced and stuck survivors.
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