RDH-DES: Reversible Data Hiding over Distributed Encrypted-Image Servers Based on Secret Sharing

Abstract

Reversible Data Hiding in Encrypted Image (RDHEI) schemes may redistribute the data hiding procedure to other parties and can preserve privacy of the cover image. Recently, cloud computing technology has led to the rapid growth of networked media, and many multimedia rights are owned by multiple parties, such as a film's producer and multiple distributors. Thus, the data hiding task could be distributed to multiple distributed servers. Multi-party data hiding has become an important demand for networked media. In addition, it is essential to preserve multi-server and multi-message privacy and data integrity. However, most of the RDHEI schemes involve only one data hider. That inspired us to design the secure multi-party embedding over distributed encrypted-image servers as a solution for multi-party RDHEI applications. In this article, we propose a novel Reversible Data Hiding over Distributed Encrypted-Image Servers (RDH-DES) based on secret sharing. The Chinese remainder theorem, secret sharing, and block-level scrambling are developed as a lightweight cryptography to generate the encrypted image shares. These shares are distributed to different image servers and are used to embed secret data in the proposed framework. The marked encrypted image can be constructed through the marked encrypted shares from different parties, and the decryption and extraction can be completed by the receiver. The experimental results and theoretical analysis have demonstrated that the proposed scheme is secure and effective.