Abstract
For the diagnosis and prevention of diseases, a range of strategies for the detection of pathogens have been developed. In this study, we synthesized the rolling circle amplification (RCA)-based biosensor that enables detection of pathogen DNA in two analytical modes. Only in the presence of the target DNA, the template DNA can be continuously polymerized by simply carrying out RCA, which gives rise to a change of surface structure of Au electrodes and the gap between the electrodes. Electrical signal was generated after introducing hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (HAuCl4) to the DNA-coated biosensor for the improvement of the conductivity of DNA, which indicates that the presence of the pathogen DNA can be detected in an electrical approach. Furthermore, the existence of the target DNA was readily detected by the naked eyes through change in colors of the electrodes from bright yellow to orange-red after RCA reaction. The RCA-based biosensor offers a new platform for monitoring of pathogenic DNA with two different detection modes in one system.
Highlights
The development of techniques for pathogen detection is crucial for the diagnosis and prevention of diseases from spreading
In this study, the biosensor for the detection of pathogen deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was fabricated via rolling circle amplification (RCA) which is one of the most powerful techniques for continuous polymerization of DNA
After functionalization of the Au electrodes with the closed circular DNA, DNA strands newly synthesized by the following RCA process bridges the gap between the two electrodes
Summary
The development of techniques for pathogen detection is crucial for the diagnosis and prevention of diseases from spreading. A wide range of approaches were recently proposed for the rapid and sensitive detection of clinical pathogen deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from a classic polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based system [1,2,3] to a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)based technique [4,5,6]. One of the approaches for detecting pathogenic DNAs is to exploit synthetic DNA structures, benefitting from high programmability of DNA. These DNA structures have been widely used as multifunctional building blocks. By taking advantage of programmable self-assembly, various shapes of DNA structures have been introduced for the pathogen detection [9,10,11]
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