Razvoj nauke o duši u Ibn Sininoj filozofiji

Abstract

Aristotle's interpretation of body and soul is based on his well-known setting of matter and form - on peripatetic hylomorphism. If the form is what makes the living beings what they are, then the soul is the form of living beings. Nourishment, movement and cognitive skills, that is thinking are different displays of life by which all living beings are different from each other. Ibn Sina's (Avicenna) innovative perception of the soul in terms of its nature and supermaterial relationship with the body, as well as its eternity after deterioration of the body, assigns particular importance to the science of soul, as the knowledge which is no more a subject to empirical method, and hence in no way belongs to empirical sciences. In this article, the author points out Ibn Sina's contributions to the science of the soul by considering issues such as the evidence of the soul's existence, the nature of the soul, the relationship between the soul and the body, the self or the self-knowledge, the formation and the eternity of the soul and the other related issues. The importance given to the science of the soul by Ibn Sina, as well as numerous questions which he considers in his writings on the subject, are evidence enough that it is about the science that unduly has no appropriate place in the order of sciences.