Abstract
Based on 139 nights of observational data of the Rayleigh lidar site in Beijing, China (40.5° N, 116.2° E), typical lower MIL cases and their temperature inversion evolution process were reported and compared with the SABER data from the same time. Meanwhile, the seasonal distribution of lower MIL cases over North China was also statistically analyzed. The average inversion temperature of the low MIL is 23.4 K, and the average layer thickness is 4.78 km with an average MIL bottom altitude of 68.2 km. Meanwhile, 65% of the MIL propagates vertically, most of which goes downward. These results show the temperature behavior properties of the lower MIL over North China, which may be helpful for us to further understand middle atmosphere chemical and dynamics processes.
Highlights
The middle atmosphere affects human activity significantly in the solar–terrestrial system and has the most variety regarding chemical and physical processes
It is well known that the common detection techniques for temperature include rocket [1,2,3], SABER
Rayleigh lidar possesses various detection functions and has considerably high resolution; it is used widely for the middle atmospheric thermal structure detection with the atmospheric temperature and complex chemical–dynamic detection processes, and it is suitable for those studies that focus on gravity waves, Rossby waves, atmospheric tide, etc. [6,7,8,9]
Summary
The middle atmosphere affects human activity significantly in the solar–terrestrial system and has the most variety regarding chemical and physical processes. Due to the gravity waves and planet waves often breaking and transmitting huge energy in this region, the atmosphere density, wind, instability, and perturbations tend to be focused. Temperature investigation attracts much attention in middle atmosphere studies. Rayleigh lidar possesses various detection functions and has considerably high resolution; it is used widely for the middle atmospheric thermal structure detection with the atmospheric temperature and complex chemical–dynamic detection processes, and it is suitable for those studies that focus on gravity waves, Rossby waves, atmospheric tide, etc. The Mesosphere Inversion Layer (MIL), which is a significant phenomenon in middle atmosphere studies, has attracted a large amount of attention in the study of the instability of atmosphere over the last few decades [10,11,12,13,14,15]. The MIL itself means a sudden change of vertical temperature slope in a relatively short distance
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