Abstract
A novel Rayleigh Doppler lidar technology based on a quadruple dual-pass Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) that can accurately measure wind field, temperature and aerosol backscatter ratio from the troposphere to lower stratosphere is proposed. This study aims to analyse the detection principle of wind speed, temperature and aerosol backscatter ratio in detail and obtain their measurement error formulas. The structure of this type of lidar is studied and designed. The FPI consists of two edge channels FPI-1 and FPI-2, aerosol channel FPI-M and locking channel FPI-L. FPI-1, FPI-2 and FPI-M use a dual-pass optical path, whereas FPI-L uses a single-pass optical path. The parameters of FPI are optimised as follows: the free spectral spacing (FSR) is 12 GHz, the FWHM of FPI-1 and FPI-2 are both 2.2 GHz, the peak-to-peak interval of FPI-1 and FPI-2 is 5.8 GHz, the FWHM of FPI-M and FPI-L are both 1.2 GHz, the peak-to-peak interval of FPI-M and FPI-1 is 2.9 GHz and the peak-to-peak interval of FPI-L and FPI-1 is 2.3 GHz. Under simulated atmospheric conditions, for a daytime sky background brightness of 0.3 Wsr−1m−2nm−1 at 355 nm, using a laser with a pulse energy of 350 mJ and a repetition frequency of 50 Hz and a telescope with a 0.45-m aperture, with a vertical range resolution of 30 m at 0–10 km, 100 m at 10–20 km and 500 m at 20–35km, temporal resolution of 30 min, zenith angle of 0° for temperature and aerosol backscatter ratio detection and temporal resolution of 3 min and zenith angle of 30° for radial wind speed detection, the detection performance of the designed Rayleigh Doppler lidar is determined. The simulation results show that the measurement errors of aerosol backscatter ratio, temperature and radial wind speed of the lidar system in the daytime and night-time are less than 4.36 × 10−3 and 3.32 × 10−3 (excluding cirrus cloud area), 4.0 K and 3.0 K and 3.8 m/s and 1.9 m/s, respectively, from an altitude of 0.06 to 35km.
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