Rats with constitutionally upregulated/downregulated platelet 5HT transporter: Differences in anxiety-related behavior

Abstract

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT) plays important roles in both embryonic development as a mediator of neurogenesis and in the mature brain as a neurotransmitter. Disturbances in serotonergic transmission have been indicated in several psychiatric disorders. In the search for the biological substrates of psychiatric diseases, studies using animal models represent complementary approaches to studies on human subjects. Wistar–Zagreb 5HT rats, with constitutionally upregulated/downregulated platelet 5HT transporter (termed high- and low-5HT rats, respectively), have been developed in our laboratory as a model for studying various aspects of 5HT function. In this work, we have searched for potential behavioral differences between Wistar–Zagreb 5HT rat sublines in three anxiety paradigms: hole-board, zero-maze, and social interaction test. In all three tests, significant differences in behavior between Wistar–Zagreb 5HT sublines have been observed, indicating higher levels of anxiety-related behavior in high-5HT rats. In the social interaction test, high-5HT animals spent less time in active contact with conspecifics and displayed a narrower spectrum of social behaviors than their low-5HT counterparts, while in the zero-maze and hole-board tasks, they showed a lower level of exploratory activity (head dips and nose pokes) in comparison to low-5HT rats. On the other hand, thigmotactic behavior (the percentage of time spent in open quadrants of zero-maze and the percentage of central holes visited in hole-board) did not differ between the sublines. The results suggest that as a result of selection process, a specific component of anxiety-related behavior (i.e. exploratory activity directed towards a novel environment and conspecifics) has been affected in Wistar–Zagreb 5HT rats.