Abstract
Herein, a novel phototheranostic nanocomplex that is self-assembled from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and indocyanine green (ICG) is developed for enhanced near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging, which benefits the guidance on in vivo cancer photothermal therapy (PTT). The study confirms that the binding of ICG with the bind sits on the albumin will result in improved hydrolytic stability and high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). The ICG loading ratio in the nanocomplex is optimized and confirms the loading ratio of 0.5% ICG to be the optimal content. The optimized ICG–BSA nanocomplex (ICG–BSA NC) possesses a higher PLQY of 16.8% than that of free ICG (2.7%). The high PLQY and efficient passive targeting ability of ICG–BSA NC help improve its in vivo tumor accumulation and NIR fluorescence imaging significantly. Under laser irradiation, efficient PTT with obvious tumor growth suppression on a triple negative breast tumor model can be observed in the ICG–BSA NC treated group.
Highlights
Cancer therapy assisted with a theranostic agent has attracted intensive interests in recent years for improved therapeutic effect [1,2,3]
We report an optimized phototheranostic nanocomplex (NC) that is rationally assembled from bovine serum albumin (BSA) and Indocyanine green (ICG) for enhanced NIR fluorescence imaging guided photothermal therapy (PTT) on tumor
The size of obtained ICG–BSA NC is suitable for in vivo tumor targeting via enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect [22, 23]
Summary
Cancer therapy assisted with a theranostic agent has attracted intensive interests in recent years for improved therapeutic effect [1,2,3]. An ideal theranostic agent is expected to possess several characteristics, including biocompatible compositions, imaging ability, therapy ability, tumor targeting ability [4]. Indocyanine green (ICG) is undoubtedly a superior candidate for cancer theranostics due to its proved safety in clinic, near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging (FI) ability and photothermal therapy (PTT) ability [5]. ICG itself fails to have enough accumulation at the tumor for effective NIR imaging guided PTT. In order to improve the tumor accumulation, ICG is generally loaded in a nanoparticle. The combination of albumin and ICG in a nanoparticle for NIR fluorescence imaging guided PTT
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